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Mapping for beginners, rotating textures, fitting textures, tricks/controls/tips and how to create ledges and doors/windows with textures! - by Jeannot
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I will show you how to make doors, windows and ledges - then I will explain on how to texture them properly including fitting and rotating a texture.
I suggest all beginners to read this tutorial as you it contains some basic things you will use in all your maps!

In this tutorial I will explain in very easy language on how to create a good looking door, window (with ledges) and how to texture them.
Before we start please read this tutorial on how to create your wall surrounding the door (unless you have already made your own wall):

http://www.modsonline.com/Tutorials-read-442.html

Now I will show you how to create the door and windows themselves with ledges and textures, I will also show how to fit the window/door textures and how to rotate textures to create good looking ledges.

Some of these screenshots are very large, you might have to right click on the pictures, then go to "Property's" and copy the link to see the full resolution of the picture.



Step 1 - Creating the ledges

Open the map you made (the one from my other tutorial I posted above or simply one you made yourself).

Open map: "File" -> "Open map" -> "Your_mapname.map"

Change your mapview in the 2D grid zo "XZ Front" by pressing ALT + TAB or go to "View" -> "Next XZ, YZ, XY" untill you get the right view (XZ Front) this is displayed in the topleft corner of your 2D grid.

 


Step 2 - Creating the ledges

On the top of the editor, go to "Textures" -> "Usage" -> "Tools"
Now the tool textures will appear in your texture window, click on the texture called "CAULK" - this texture is always used before applying any other textures to your map.

The reason why you MUST use this texture first is because the game doesn't render it when your playing, for example a player will never see the bottomside of a door because it is on the ground, if you use the CAULK texture for the bottom of the door the game won't render it thus giving you more performance!

So remember: ALWAYS use CAULK as a texture on places where a player can't get to, or if he can't see it - when you first build a house or structure I suggest you to create the entire thing in CAULK, then texture it brush by brush only on the faces you wan't your texture to be displayed on, I will explain this further in this tutorial.

 

Step 3 - Creating the ledges

In your 2D gridview, press "2" on your keyboard, this will give you the right gridsize for creating ledges for windows and doors.
Now, zoom into the hole into the wall that is going to represent our door, you can zoom in your 2D window by scrolling your middle mouse button.

With the gridsize "2" it should look like this:

 


Step 4 - Creating the ledges

With the CAULK texture selected create a brush by left-clicking in the topleft corner of your door, then drag it down to the bottom of the door.
The width of the ledge will be 4 units (you can make it smaller or bigger if you wan't but 4 is realistic for normal doors and windows) - the unitsize is displayed on your 2D gridview in red letters.

 


Step 5 - Creating the ledges

What we are about to do now is kind of hard to explain, simply follow this step, in the end you will see what it is for.
With your brush still selected (if you de-selected your brush by pressing ESC/ESCAPE simply press SHIFT + LEFT MOUSE CLICK in the 2D or 3D view on your desired brush to select it).
Zoom-in in your 2D grid view to the top of the brush you've just created and press "E" on your keyboard, some blue dots will now appear.

 


Step 6 - Creating the ledges

Now, click on the upper right blue dot, and drag it down by 4 units, let me help you with this screenshot:

 


Step 7 - Creating the ledges

With that corner done, press "E" again and the blue dots will go away.
If the width or your ledge is in-correct or not to your likings, simply make it bigger/wider by selecting the brush (SHIFT + left mouse click).
Now press "4" to get back to gridsize 4.

 


Step 8 - Creating the ledges

With your brush still selected, press "SPACEBAR" to copy it, then rotate it into the right position by clicking twice on the "Z-axis rotate" button, then drag the ledge into position (to the opposite side of the first ledge).

You might notice that your brush is not in the right position because when you copied it it slightly moved a bit into the Y direction, simply move it back into the right position by dragging it in the 3D or 2D view (you might need to change view in the 2D grid by using ALT-TAB as explained before).

 


Step 9 - Creating the ledges

Deselect the brush by pressing "ESCAPE / ESC" on your keyboard, then press "2" to get back into gridsize 2, then create another ledge at the top - again use the "E" key to create angled corners.
You will now see that all 3 pieces fit perfectly together and form a good looking doorledge, don't forget to move the ledge into the right position or resize it if needed.




Step 10 - Creating the ledges

I will not explain entirely on how to create the windowledges, it is exactly the same as creating a doorledge except that the sizes are a bit diffirent, from what I have explain so far you should now be able to fully construct your own windowledges and fit them into the right position.

Some notes:

- Use gridsize "2" to create the ledges and gridsize "4" or higher to move brushes - change gridsize by pressing diffirent numbers on your keyboard (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
- To de-select a brush press "ESC / ESCAPE"
- To select a brush press SHIFT + LEFT MOUSE CLICK in the 2D or 3D view.
- To view from diffirent angles in the 2D grid press ALT + TAB or go to "View" -> "Next: XY, YZ, XY"
- Save your map frequently by going to "File" -> "Save"

This is what your final result should look like:

 


Step 11 - Texturing

Now I will show you how to apply textures to your windowledges, after reading these steps I assume you are able to texture the doorledges yourself because it is exactly the same.

Go to "Textures" -> "Usage" -> "Exterior trim" - now the exterior trim textures will appear in your texture window.

Go to "Textures" -> "Surface type" -> "Wood" - now only the wooden extrerior textures will appear in your texture window.

Search for a desired texture for your ledge and click on it, if you don't like these textures simply chose a diffirent "Usage" and/or "Surfacetype" and hundreds of diffirent textures will appear!

 


Step 12 - Texturing

With your desired texture selected, click on all the faces of your window brushes by pressing CTRL + SHIFT + LEFT MOUSE CLICK
Only select the faces that the player will see.
Now with those faces selected, click on the texture you wanted in the texture window.

 


Step 13 - Texturing

You will notice that some of the ledges look ugly and weird because the texture is not in the right position, let's fix this!
Select all the weird-looking faces of the brushes, again by pressing CTRL + SHIFT + LEFT MOUSE CLICK.

Please note that it can also be the topledges not the ones on the side with a weird texture, this simply depends on what direction your had built your wall, if you have ugly textures on the top ledges simply select those faces, in my case it is the ones on the side that look ugly.

With the ugly brushfaces selected, press "S" on your keyboard, a window called "Surface inspector" will now open.




Step 14 - Texturing

Look for "Rotate" in the Surface inspector window and click on the "arrow" facing upwards twice, this might differ, if your textures still look ugly then try clicking 3 times, 4 times, or maybe just once, it all depends on what direction you built the ledges.
I only needed to click twice, once it is done simply click on the "Done" button and your textures are rotated!

Press escape and you will notice your ledges now look much better and realistic!

 


Step 14 - Texturing

That is all for ledges, all you have to do now is repeat the proces on the other ledges, including the door and you will have a nice looking set of windows and doors.

BUT!

This house has open windows and doors, if this is what you wan't simply stop reading here and I wish you good luck in further creation of your map.

Maybe there is a house that you wan't to create, but you don't wan't people to go inside, in that case you need windows and doors to block the player from getting acces to the building, that is what I will explain further.

 


Step 15 - Creating the door and windows

Ok so you wan't windows and a door? Start off by de-selecting everything (press ESC / ESCAPE)

Let's begin with the door.

Go to "Texture" -> "Usage" -> "Tools"

Once again click on the CAULK texture, if CAULK doesn't show up, simply go to "Textures" -> "Locale" and/or "Surface type" and select "All"

 


Step 16 - Creating the door and windows

In your 2D gridview, ALT + TAB untill you get the TOP view of your map (the "XY top") - the view you are currently using is displayed on the topleft corner of your 2D grid in purple letters.
Now press "2" to go to gridsize 2, and create a brush with caulk selected as shown on this picture:

I positioned mine exactly in the middle of the doorledges.

 


Step 17 - Creating the door and windows

In your 3D camera view you will propably notice that your brush is not in the right position, simply drag it into the right position and resize it if necessary, for resizing brushes I suggest you to use gridsize "4".
Make sure your door doesn't go "through" the doorledges, if gridsize "4" is too high, use gridsize "2" to resize it or reposition it if needed.

 


Step 18 - Creating the door and windows

With your door in the right position, deselect it by pressing ESC / ESCAPE.

Go to "Texture" -> "Usage" -> "Door"

Find a doortexture you would like to use, again if you don't see many doors or if you don't see any at all, make sure you have set "Surface type" and "Locale" to "all".

Now select the front of the door by pressing CTRL + SHIFT + LEFT MOUSE CLICK and click on the desired doortexture.

 


Step 19 - Creating the door and windows

Your door now has a texture, but it is not looking realistic, the texture does not fit on your door causing it to look ugly and unrealistic, let's fix that.
With the side still selected, press "S" again on your keyboard to go back into the Surface inspector.

Now all you have to do is click on the "FIT" button, then click on "Done".
Sometimes if you click "Done" it automaticly switches back to the wrong position of the texture - if you have this simply press "S" again, click on "FIT" and finally click "DONE" again - I don't know why it does this.

Deselect your door (press ESC/ESCAPE) - your door now looks good and realistic.

 


Step 20 - Creating the door and windows

Now for the windows:

Go to "Texture" -> "Usage" -> "Tools"

Once again click on the CAULK texture, if CAULK doesn't show up, simply go to "Textures" -> "Locale" and/or "Surface type" and select "All"

Create a brush that will represent our window just as you created the doorbrush, reposition or resize it if needed.
I once again placed the brush right in the middle of the 2 ledges.



Step 21 - Creating the door and windows

After placing it in the right position, deselect your brush (press ESC/ESCAPE)

Go to "Texture" -> "Usage" -> "Window"

If only a few textures show up or non at all, simply go to "Textures" -> "Locale" and/or "Surface type" and select "All"

Now select the frontside of the brush that represents our window, the side that the player will see, just as we did with the door do this by pressing CTRL + SHIFT + LEFT MOUSE CLICK
With the brushface selected click on your desired windowtexture in the texture window.
You will see that the windowtexture I chose already has a ledge displayed on it, in that case you don't have to create a ledge from brushes even though I personaly prefer ledges from brushes.

 


Step 22 - Creating the door and windows

As you can see the window looks terrible, we have to fit the texture into the right position just as we did with the door.
With your brushface still selected press "S" to go to the Surface inspector and again press "FIT" then "Done".

Once again I warn you about this little problem the editor seems to have:
Sometimes if you click "Done" it automaticly switches back to the wrong position of the texture - if you have this simply press "S" again, click on "FIT" and finally click "DONE" again

Deselect your window by pressing ESC/ESCAPE, then select the entire brush by pressing SHIFT + LEFT MOUSE CLICK on the windowbrush, then press "SPACEBAR" to copy it.

Now place the copied brush in the right position (use diffirent gridsizes if prefered) and you will have both your door and windows finished!

I hope this long tutorial gave you some more insight into how easy mapping is in some ways and that I learned you some basic tricks etc.
Please note that this tutorial was created for the absolute beginner, that's why I used such wide explanations about certain things, people really need it (I know that because I once was a beginner aswell ofcourse).

Jeannot

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